CLASSROOM ASSESSMENT
BY:ANUM IDREES
Overview
• What is classroom assessment?
• What is formative assessment?
• Goal, Strategies & Examples of formative
assessment .
• What is summative assessment?
• Goal, Strategies & Examples of summative
assessment.
What is classroom assessment?
Classroom assessment is the process of
gathering evidence of what a student knows,
understands, and is able to do. It can also
help to identify students' learning needs.
What is formative assessment?
Formative assessments are on-going
assessments, reviews, and observations in a
classroom. Teachers use formative
assessment to improve instructional methods
and student feedback throughout the
teaching and learning process.
Goal of formative assessment
The goal of formative assessment is to monitor
student learning to provide ongoing
feedback that can be used by instructors to
improve their teaching and by students to
improve their learning.
Strategies of formative assessment
• Feedback. A teacher provides oral or written feedback to student discussion or
work. For example, a teacher responds orally to a question asked in class;
provides a written comment in a response or reflective journal; or provides
feedback on student work.
• Curriculum-based measurement (CBM). This set of standardized measures is
used to determine student progress and performance. An example is the use of
oral reading fluency (the number of words a student can read correctly during
a timed reading of a passage) as an indicator of a student's overall reading
ability.
• Self-assessment. Students reflect on and monitor their progress. This activity
may be performed in conjunction with a CBM, in relation to predetermined
academic and behavioral goals, or with learning contracts.
• Observation. A teacher observes and records a student's level of engagement,
academic and/or affective behavior; develops a plan of action to support that
student; implements the plan; and continues to record observations to determine
its effectiveness.
• Portfolios. A growth portfolio can be used to create a record of student growth in
a number of areas. For example, a teacher may use writing portfolios to collect
evidence of a student's progress in developing writing skills.
Example of formative assessment
• For example, a teacher marks an essay give comments
and advice. The student re-writes the essay in response to
the comments before being finally assessd.
• Everyday example, TV programme popularity ratings.
• Examples of formative assessments include asking
students to:
draw a concept map in class to represent their
understanding of a topic
submit one or two sentences identifying the main point
of a lecture
turn in a research proposal for early feedback
What is summative assessment?
Summative assessments are typically used to
evaluate the effectiveness of instructional
programs and services at the end of an
academic year or at a pre-determined time. Goal of summative assessment
The goal of summative assessment is
to evaluate student learning at the end of an
instructional unit by comparing it against
some standard. Summative assessments are
often high stakes, which means that they
have a high point value. Strategies of summative assessment
• End of unit tests or projects. When assessments reflect the stated
learning objectives, a well-designed end of unit test provides
teachers with information about individual students
(identifying any student who failed to meet objectives), as well
as provides an overall indication of classroom instruction.
• Course grades. If end of course grades are based on specified
criteria, course grades provide information on how well a student
has met the overall expectations for a particular course.
• Standardized assessments. Tests that accurately reflect state
performance and content standards provide an indication of how
many students are achieving to established grade-level
expectations.
• Portfolios. When used as part of an evaluation of student
learning, portfolios provide evidence to support attainment of
stated learning objectives. Example of summative assessment
• For example, learners write exams at the end of the year to
determine who passes or who fails.
• Everyday example, Oscar awards for actors.
• Examples of summative assessments include:
a midterm exam
a final project
a paper
a senior recital
Information from summative assessments can be used
formatively when students or faculty use it to guide their
efforts and activities in subsequent courses.
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